Habit #3: Fix, make or bake stuff yourself, because it strengthens your independence of thought from the soul-robbing, imagination-sucking, corporate production of stuff. It seems that Xi, more than any previous top leader, is interested in having his legacy centered on the development of rule of law and the judiciary in China. Promoting Western constitutional democracy. Learn more. Like her mentor Hu Jintao, Sun is known for her keen interest in promoting a harmonious society, supporting policy initiatives for affordable housing, social welfare for low-income families, and poverty reduction. The recent NPC meeting has proposed removing a clause from the countrys constitutionadded during the Deng Xiaoping erawhich limits both the presidency and vice presidency to two five-year terms. Moreover, Sun Chunlan has some political leverage in promoting policy initiatives among her peers in the Politburo. 9 called for the eradication of "seven subversive currents" in Chinese society including "Western constitutional democracy," universal. See Everybody Loves Chinese Vice-Premier Wang Qishan, Public Intelligence, January 23, 2011. He was the first person from his county to attend Peking University. He then served as deputy director of the State Council Information Office, where he was in charge of e-commerce and international cooperation (200103). Wang was transferred to Guangdong Province in 1997 to serve as vice governor. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless. For the current fiscal year, the U.S. Navy is planning on retiring over 30 vessels, but not all of these will be sent to the junkyard. This latest action by Xi alienates two critical constituencies, whose power Xi may be underestimating. The confrontation at the newspaper and campaign demanding that officials disclose their wealth alarmed leaders and helped galvanize them into issuing Document No. 101 School in the same district. Han then served as deputy secretary of the Chinese Communist Youth League (CCYL) (197580) and as a clerk of the Shanghai Chemical Equipment Industry Co., Ltd (198082). 9, issued in 2013 soon after Xi Jinping became party chief, warned that unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents such as support for Western . This time the language and violence seem only frantic, not genuinely subversive or liberating. Han has been widely recognized as a member of the Jiang Zemin-Zeng Qinghong Shanghai Gang. Although Han served as a top CCYL official in Shanghai, his promotions have been more closely aligned with Jiangs Shanghai Gang than with the Hu Jintao-Li Keqiang CCYL faction3. At a time when Xi enjoys tremendous individual power, Li can potentially be viewed as a balancing forcethough not an impressive one thus farwithin the political establishment. His efforts have also included concerted attempts to seek a new model of great power relations with the United States. For a detailed discussion of these cases, see Cheng Li, Chinese Politics in the Xi Jinping Era: Reassessing Collective Leadership (Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution Press, 2016), pp. For more information, see. Liu served as a chief drafter of the communiqu at the Third Plenum of the 18th National Party Congress, which claimed to be version 2.0 of Chinas market development.5. By Herb Kirchhoff. On the one hand, Xi has promoted Chinese think tanks, which are mostly staffed with academics. When you right-click in the folder and run "TortoiseSVN -> Switch" command, the "Switch to Branch / Tag" window appears on the screen. Han spent much of his early career working at the grassroots level. Cheng Li, Chinese Politics in the Xi Jinping Era: Reassessing Collective Leadership (Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution Press, 2016), p. 281. He served as vice-minister and deputy party secretary of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) (201318). Xi, who is on the cusp of his second presidential term, has seized upon his moment at the pinnacle of accrued political capital to avoid becoming a lame duck and to cement his hold over the country for as long as he desires. His parents were farmers in a poor and remote village within an ethnic minority autonomous county in Hubei Province. Lis mother-in-law, Liu Yiqing, was a journalist at the Xinhua News Agency. Their only daughter, Xi Mingze, received her undergraduate degree in psychology from Harvard University (201014) and later pursued a graduate program in the same field at a university in Beijing. Wangs patron/mentor ties with Jiang Zemin stem in part from Wangs father-in-law, Yao Yilin, who was a major supporter of Jiang in the Politburo Standing Committee, and in part from Wangs close friendship with Jiangs son, Jiang Mianheng. He served as deputy secretary (198792) and secretary (199295) of the CCYL in Tibet. Subsequently, Han served as deputy secretary (199091) and secretary (199192) of the CCYL Shanghai Municipal Committee. Mr. Xi has indicated that he wants a party meeting in the fall to endorse policies that would give market competition and private businesses a bigger role in the economy and Marxist stalwarts in the party are deeply wary of such proposals. Get foreign policy updates from Brookings, Compiled by Cheng Li and the staff of the John L. Thornton China Center at Brookings, a constitutional change abolishing term limits, the 19th Politburo and Politburo Standing Committee, https://publicintelligence.net/everybody-loves-chinese-vice-premier-wang-qishan/, https://boxun.com/news/gb/china/2018/02/201802251958.shtml, http://scmp.com/news/china/article/1087831/partys-number-two-woman-sun-chunlan-named-chief-tianjin, http://www.50forum.org.cn/home/article/jianjie.html, Africas global opportunity in rare earth elements, USMCA Forward 2023 Chapter 2: Imports from Asia, President of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) (2013present), General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) (2012present), Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) (2012present), Member of the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) (2007present), Chairman of the National Security Committee (2013present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms (2013present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Foreign Affairs and National Security (2013present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs (2012present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Work (2013present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Network Security and Information Technology (2014present), Head of the CMC Central Leading Group for Deepening Reforms of National Defense and the Military (2014present), Commander in Chief of the Joint Operations Command Center of the Peoples Liberation Army (PLA) (2016present), Chairman of the Central Military and Civilian Integration Development Committee (2017present), Full member of the Central Committee of the CCP (2002present). Disaster City Revisit ~ BBC Spots Training Hub; Sea Level Rise Explorer ~ Map of Coastal Risk Li advanced his early career primarily through the Chinese Communist Youth League (CCYL), serving as secretary of the CCYL Committee at Peking University (198283). Liu He is one of Xi Jinpings most trusted confidants3. 1. His ancestral home is Changli County, Hebei Province. Subversive Currents ~ China Fears Seven Perils. He has responded to praise of his work by stating that it is inappropriate to emphasize any one individuals contributions to Chinas economic policy. 15, 2324. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society. She received a technical education from the Anshan Institute of Iron and Steel Technology in Anshan City, Liaoning Province (196569)1. Her father was a factory worker. After his time in Fujian, Xi served as governor of Zhejiang Province (2002) and party secretary of Zhejiang Province (200207). 6 Rubber Shoes Factory (198788), and party secretary and deputy director of the Dazhonghua Rubber Plant in Shanghai (198890). His township-centered urbanization, however, was regarded by Xis economic team as neither desirable (due to its resulting inefficiency of resources and widespread pollution) nor feasible (because young people are less interested in staying at small towns) and thus was largely replaced by a development strategy for large urban clusters. View All. Wang is widely considered to be a protg of both Zhu Rongji and Jiang Zemin. Of the 66 military members of the 19th Central Committee, 60 (91 percent) were newcomers.4. Back-draught of a wave. In particular, his management of the SARS epidemic in the spring of 2003 has been taken as evidence of his efficacy in crisis.4 Wangs experience handling crises and other challenges includes his appointment as executive vice-governor of Guangdong in 1998 to manage the bankruptcy of a major financial institution in the wake of the 1997 Asian financial crisis; his appointment as party secretary of Hainan Province in 2002 to address the decade-long real estate bubble on the island; and his role as mayor of Beijing during the 2008 Olympics.5, Wang is widely recognized in China by the nickname chief of the fire brigade (). Within the Secretariat of the CCYL Central Committee, Li served as alternate member (198385), secretary (198593), and first secretary (199398). Early in his career (197982), Xi served as a personal secretary (mishu) to Geng Biao, then minister of defense. Hu Chunhua has been widely characterized as a carbon copy of Hu Jintao and has even been called little Hu.1 Both come from humble family backgrounds, served as student leaders during their college years, advanced their political careers primarily through the CCYL, worked in arduous environments like Tibet, served as provincial party secretaries at a relatively young age, and have low-profile personalities. Power could escape their grip, they have . Its possible that this situation will get out of control, and that wont help the political stability that the central leadership stresses.. The fact that Xi did not allow any six-generation leader to enter the PSC and the recent abolishment of the term limit for the PRC presidency indicates that Hus chances of becoming a designated successor have diminished. Xi is a princeling; he is the son of Xi Zhongxun, a former Politburo member and vice-premier who was one of the architects of Chinas Special Economic Zones in the early 1980s2. Liu He is widely considered to be an adviser rather than a policymaker. They are trying to break through our political system, and this was a classic example, he said of the newspaper protest. The author of five books and over 200 articles, Liu He focuses his research on five broad areas: the relationship between economic development and changes in industrial structure in China; macroeconomic theory; corporate governance and property rights; the new economy and the information industry; and the reform of Chinese SOEs. Buckey says that it "bears the unmistakable imprimatur of Xi Jinping." The campaign has also exhilarated leftist defenders of party orthodoxy, many of whom pointedly oppose the sort of market reforms that Mr. Xi and Prime Minister Li Keqiang have said are needed. Given her age, Sun will likely retire in the next leadership transition in 2022-23. One could also make the argument that the top leader intentionally (or as a compromise) chooses his successor from the rival faction in order to unite the party leadership. Otherwise, based on his continued consolidation of power and ambitions for the countryand, indeed, himselfXis new era may resurrect an old problem. Mr. Xis cherry picking of approaches from each of the rival camps, analysts say, could end up miring his own agenda in intraparty squabbling. Others may see Xis reversal of constitutional constraints on term limits as heralding a return to an era of vicious power strugglesa zero-sum game in which they will also ruthlessly engage in the years to come. That is the existential question that will be posed to Chinas National Peoples Congress in the coming days, as it considers indefinitely handing over the countrys political reins to President Xi Jinping. If these four leaders are excluded, 85 percent would be newcomers. First, her leadership experience running an important province (Fujian) and two major cities (Tianjin and Dalian), as well as her tenure as first secretary of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and director of the Central United Front Work Department of the CCP Central Committee, have prepared her for even more important posts in the national leadership. In 1988, for example, Zhu Rongji, then mayor of Shanghai, visited the citys Dazhonghua Rubber Plant, where Han Zheng was employed. HONG KONG Communist Party cadres have filled meeting halls around China to hear a somber, secretive warning issued by senior leaders. Some foreign and Chinese media outlets have reported that Xi Jinping and Liu He attended the same middle school4. Cognitive Perspective. To better deter Russian subversion, we suggest concentrating defensive efforts on the most vulnerable regions and institutions and ensuring Liu served as deputy director of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Work, where he was responsible for overseeing macro-economic policy-planning and drafting speeches for CCP General Secretary Hu Jintao to deliver at annual CCP national conferences on economic affairs (200311). During the visit, Zhu lauded Hans work. This left him with two potential paths for succession. You have to commemorate him, and because hes already passed away, you can only speak well of him, not ill, Professor Xiao, the historian, said of Maos anniversary. The ramifications are very serious, because this seriously hurts the broad middle class and moderate reformers entrepreneurs and intellectuals. 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